Flora Mycologica Iberica Project database

Francisco Pando1, Francisco Pando2, Francisco Pando3, Ireneia Melo4, Jose Cardoso4, María Teresa Tellería5, Margarita Dueñas1, Isabel Salcedo6, Sergi Santamaria7, M.Isabel Castro Cerceda8, Julia Checa9, Fernando Esteve-Raventós9, Carlos Illana9, Miriam Blanco9, Ricardo Galán10, Gabriel Moreno10, Michel Heykoop10, Teresa Almaraz11, Enrique Descals12, Pablo Pérez-Daniëls13, Carlos Lado1, Francisco Calonge1, Luis Alberto Parra14, Javier Rodríquez Pérez12

1 Real Jardín Botánico -CSIC, Claudio Moyano 1, 28014, Madrid, Spain; 2 Real Jardín Botánico -CSIC, Plaza de Murillo, 2, 28014, Madrid, Spain; 3 Real Jardín Botánico -CSIC, Real Jardín Botánico -CSIC; Claudio Moyano 1, 28014, Madrid, Spain; 4 Jardim Botânico, Museu Nacional de História Natural, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua da Escola Politécnica, 58, 1250-102, Lisboa, Portugal; 5 Real Jardín Botanico-CSIC, Claudio Moyano, 1, 28014, Madrid, Spain; 6 Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Dpto. Biología Vegetal y Ecología (Botánica) Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología.  Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain; 7 Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departamento de Biología Animal, de Biología Vegetal y de Ecología Edificio C Facultad de Biociencias, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain; 8 Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain; 9 Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; 10 Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; 11 c/ Pasamar, 2, c/ Pasamar, 2, 28003, Las Rozas, Spain; 12 IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miguel Marqués, 21, 07190, Esporles, Spain; 13 Consultant, Playa de Gandía, 5, E28669, Boadilla del Monte, Spain; 14 N/A, Av. del Padre Claret, 7, 09400, Aranda de Duero, Spain

Corresponding author(s): Francisco Pando (pando@gbif.es), Francisco Pando (pando@gbif.es)

Received {date}; Revised {date}; Accepted {date}; Published {date}

Citation: Combination of authors, year of data paper publication (in parentheses), Title, Journal Name, Volume, Issue number (in parentheses), and doi of the data paper.

Resource Citation

Pando., F., Blanco,M., Calonge, F., Cardoso, J., Castro Cerceda, M.I., Checa,J., Daniëls,P.P., Descals,E., Dueñas,M., Esteve-Raventós,F., Heykoop,M., Illana,C., Lado, C., Melo, I., Moreno,G., Parra,L.A., Rodríquez Pérez,J., Salcedo, I., Santamaria,S. & Tellería,M.T. (2016): Flora Mycologica Iberica Project database. v1.3. Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC). Dataset/Occurrence. http://www.gbif.es/ipt/resource?r=floramicologicaiberica&amp;v=1.3

Abstract

The databases contains detailed information on several fungus groups. The information has been revised, and in many time compiled, by expert mycologist(s) working on the monographs for the Flora Mycologica Iberica project (FMI). Thus, the quality and currentness of the information here presented is excellent. Records comprise both collection and observational data. The geographical scope of the dataset is Iberian Peninsula (Continental Portugal and Spain) and Balearic

Keywords: Dothideales, Myxomycetes, Cantharellaceae, Aphyllophorales, Laboulbeniales, Helotiales, Gonphales, Agaricales, Gasteromycetes, Ustilaginales, Tremelales, Balearic Islands, Spain, mitosporic fungi, gilled boletales, fungi and lichens, Fungi, Occurrence, Observation

General description

Purpose: This dataset was conceived to serve two purposes:
						
1.  To gather the available information on Iberian fungi as published on the scientific literature, to establish a baseline for the project and provide basic information upon which  to elaborate the project's monographs.
						
2. To incorporate the primary data produced and compiled during the project to the previously available information, and thus providing updated and verified data on Iberian fungi. These data were gathered or verified by  professional researches, many of whom also authored the project's monographs (see Bibliography).  Data primary data added in this way mostly came from studied herbarium  specimens and field campaigns. Targeted field surveys on sites poorly known and of ecological or conservation relevance were carried out within the framework of the project. The primary data were also made available as publication in the  "Cuadernos de Trabajo de Flora Micologica"  series (see Bibliography).

Project details

Project title:  Flora Mycologica Iberica
Funding: Funded by Spanish Government under its National Science Plan through its Competitive Grant Programs. Awards:

Flora Mycologica I
DGCYT PB87-0370

Flora Mycologica II
DGCYT PR92-0012

Flora Mycologica III
DGES PB95-0129-C03

Flora Mycologica IV
PB98-0538-C04

Flora Mycologica V
REN2002-04068-C02-01
		
Data capture covered mostly by an agreement between  CSIC and National Institute Of Employment (INEM). Program: Módulo documentación Botánica INEM-CSIC
Study area descriptions/descriptor: Terrestrial biomes  and  freshwater environments in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands
Design description: The final objective of the FMI project was to make a critical flora which enables the identification of fungi naturally growing in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (excluding parasites of humans and other mammals).
One of the pillars in pursuing this objective was the compilation of the literature-based information about Iberian fungi. This was planned as two-step process, first to compile a bibliography of all published works citing fungi from the Iberian Peninsula (Pando et al. 1990; Cardoso & Melo, 1992, Pando, 1996). This in itself is is a very robust resource  for carrying out  on all kinds of studies involving fungi in the Iberian Peninsula.	
Second phase was to enter into a database chorological records (occurrences) contained in those publications.  We soon realized that to start from A to Z was going to be a never-ending job; so we switch strategy and instead of capturing all records found in publications one after another, quit that approach and instead compiled a a dataset of all genera cited in all publications that was accomplished surprisingly quickly (c. 79,000 genus -publication entries for c. 10,000 works). With that information at hand, we could now target the publications and occurrences needed for the monographs to be prepared; 
Data entry management and publication was carried out using the Bibmaster software (Pando & al. (http://www.gbif.es/bibmaster/bibmaster_in.php 
Manuals and guidelines were prepared to determine data entry and quality control procedures. Two were published:
Pando, F. (1991). Manual de las bases de datos de Flora micológica ibérica.  Cuad. Trab. Fl. Micol. Ibér. 2:1-67 http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/spa/FichaLibro.php?Libro=7118
Pando, F.,  Muñoz Garmendia, F.  & Aedo, C. (1999). Manual de bases de datos nomenclaturales de Flora mycologica iberica y Flora iberica. Cuad. Trab. Fl. Micol. Ibér.14: 1-58 http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/spa/FichaLibro.php?Libro=2469

Data published through GBIF: http://www.gbif.es/ipt/resource?r=floramicologicaiberica

Taxonomic coverage

General taxonomic coverage description: Datases comprising distribution records of fungus species belonging to selected groups (Agaricomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Mycetozoa, Laboulbeniomycetes, Ustilaginomycetes and Acuatic hyphomycetes) found in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (Western Europe). Sources included literature, herbaria and field surveys.
Taxonomic ranks
Class: Myxomycetes (Mycetozoa, Protozoa), Laboulbeniomycetes, Ustilaginomycetes, Acuatic hyphomycetes (informal group)
Order: Agaricales, Boletales, Dothideales, Cantharellales, Corticiales, Gomphales, Hymenochaetales, Laboulbeniales, Phallales, Polyporales, Russulales, Thelephorales, Ustilaginales, Echinosteliales, Physarales, Trhichiales, Stemonitales, Agaricomycetes, Dothideomycetes

Spatial coverage

General spatial coverage: Iberian Peninsula, South-Western Europe
Coordinates: 35°45'36''N and 44°2'60''N Latitude; 9°56'60''W and 4°54'36''E Longitude 

Temporal coverage: January 1, 1870 - February 20, 2012

Methods

Method step description: N/A
Study extent description: The main source for the study was the literature collationand herharium revision for data on the selected fungal groups in the  Iberian Peninsula and Balearic lsland. The information was complemented by targeted field campaigns   on sites poorly known and of ecological or conservation relevance.
Sampling description: These two data avenues are subjected to different methodologies. 
Data collation from literature references.  Three procedures are defined in this area:
1) To Identify and obtain relevant publications.
A set of explicit criteria to determine whether a publication was or not eligible to included  into the database was defined. These were published  by Pando (1991:11-13). The library of the Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC was the main source for literature. When an  eligible publication was identified and not found in this library a copy was obtained by the usual procedures (library exchange, colleagues, etc) and deposited in the library.   
2) Treated genus data entry.
Genus names were extracted in a systematic way from the publications and entered into the database. Publications and genus names compiled until 1995 were published in three volumes of the "Cuadernos de Trabajo" series (Pando et al. 1990; Cardoso & Melo, 1992; Pando, 1996). At this point the database contained data from c. 5,000 publications, at the end of the project this gathered data pertaining to c. 10,000 publications.
3) Occurrence data entry
Although different approaches were explored at the beginning of the project, a procedure in which occurrence records were entered targeting specific taxonomic groups, on the basis of the project's priorities and the schedule for the publication of the monographs was soon consolidated.  A effort was made to record all information associated to each occurrence, following an stabilised schema, as described by Pando (1991).
These works were mostly carried out by  a small team of data entry technicians and supervisors, with the support of the Project's scientific team. 
Primary data produced and compiled as part of the research conducted within the projects, by researches with the project, were also incorporated into the database. These come from studied specimens held in herbaria or fields surveys carried out within the framework of the project. These data were  in many publised cases as the "Bases Corológivcas series in "Cuadernos de Trabajo"

Quality control description: Quality control and assurance comprises a number of procedures, references and tools along the data life cycle.  these can be summarized as follows:
		
A manual on what to capture and what not and hpw to capture the  information was developed and published (Pando, 1991).
		
International standards approved or endorsed by the "Biodiversity Information Standards/TDWG). Specifically the following  were used 
Brummitt & Powell (1992), Lawrence & al. (1968), Staflew & Cowan (1976-1988).
		
Additionally, the following works were use a reference for taxonomic names:Farr& al. (1979, 1986), Hawksworth & al. (1983), Saccardo (1882-1972)
		
The dbase management system (Pando & al., 2004), had many of these standards build-in as dictionaries and controlled vocabularies 
		
Newly entered records were checked against the actual publications by the supervisors
		
A final check was done by the "Bases Corológicas" authors and editors as part of the publication process.
		
Dataset publication in the GBIF network include data transformation to comply with the Darwin Core specification (Wieczorek & al., 2012) and further validation procedures (geographic coordinate format, coordinates within country/provincial boundaries, absence of ASCII anomalous characters in the dataset) using DARWIN_TEST (v3.3) software (Ortega-Maqueda and Pando 2008).

Datasets

Dataset description
Object name: Darwin Core Archive Flora Mycologica Iberica Project database
Character encoding: UTF-8
Format name: Darwin Core Archive format
Format version: 1.0
Distribution: http://www.gbif.es/ipt/archive.do?r=floramicologicaiberica
Publication date of data: 2016-01-21
Language: Spanish
Licences of use: This work is licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License</a>.

External datasets

Dataset description
Object name: Flora Mycologica Iberica
Character encoding: iso-8859-1
Format name: Darwin Core Archive
Format version: 0
Distribution: http://www.gbif.es

Metadata language: English
Date of metadata creation: 2009-11-30
Hierarchy level: Dataset