Dataset of brown trout populations monitoring in Sierra Nevada (Spain)

Data Records

The data in this sampling event resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 156 records.

2 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.

This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.

Versions

The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.

How to cite

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

Galiana García M (2024). Dataset of brown trout populations monitoring in Sierra Nevada (Spain). Version 2.0. Sierra Nevada Global Change Observatory. Andalusian Environmental Center, University of Granada, Regional Government of Andalusia. Samplingevent dataset. https://doi.org/10.15470/z4apo0

Rights

Researchers should respect the following rights statement:

The publisher and rights holder of this work is Sierra Nevada Global-Change Observatory (UGR-JA). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.

GBIF Registration

This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: d9db5c58-a94a-4e16-95ea-c2a3d7beb9ab.  Sierra Nevada Global-Change Observatory (UGR-JA) publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Spain.

Keywords

Samplingevent; brown trout; rivers; Salmo trutta; Sierra Nevada; southern Iberian Peninsula; Spain

Contacts

Geographic Coverage

Sierra Nevada is a mountain system located in the South of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain), shared by the provinces of Granada and Almería, and with an East-West arrangement. It covers 2,273 km2 and reaches a maximum altitude of 3,479 m a.s.l. in the Mulhacén summit. Due to its meridional situation in Europe, its proximity to the Mediterranean Sea and its high altitude, it represents a high gradient of climatic conditions, with representation of five out of six of the bioclimatic zones present in the Mediterranean region (from the thermo-mediterranean to the crioro-mediterranean). The Sierra Nevada Natural Area has an extensive hydrographic network made up of rivers and streams (as well as high mountain lakes), which are fed mainly by snow from the high peaks. It is worth highlighting the great diversity of ecotypes present, with an important representation of fluvial courses typified as high mountain rivers, Siliceous Mediterranean mountain rivers, Calcareous Mediterranean mountain rivers and mineralised Mediterranean low mountain rivers. This variety of ecotypes promote the existence of a great biodiversity.

Taxonomic Coverage

This dataset includes a total of 8,000 occurrence records of brown trout individuals (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758).

Temporal Coverage

Project Data

The Sierra Nevada Global-Change Observatory (https://obsnev.es/) is an ambitious project promoted by the Department of Sustainability, Environment and Blue Economy of the Regional Government of Andalusia with the scientific coordination of the University of Granada, in order to monitor the effects of global change in the Sierra Nevada protected area. For this purpose, the Sierra Nevada Global-Change Observatory has developed a monitoring programme and an information system for appropriate data management. As part of this programme, a monitoring methodology was defined to long-term monitor brown trout populations (Galiana et al, 2014).

The personnel involved in the project:

Sampling Methods

Field samplings are conducted by means of electrofishing qualitative surveys. To minimize fish mortality, electric current intensity is regulated depending on water conductivity (Johnson et al. 2007) at every sampling site. Fork length and weight data are collected for all fish captured during each electric fishing pass. Age is determined using a combination of length-frequency analysis following Petersen (1896) and scale-based method described by Steinmetz & Muller (1991) and Hining & West (2000). For more precise age determination, scales are collected from the area between the lateral line and dorsal fin of fish near age class boundaries and are subsequently analysed in the laboratory. Fulton's condition factor (Anderson & Neumann, 1996) was used to assess the condition of the trout individuals. Site habitat characteristics are annually recorded at each sampling station by applying specific sampling techniques for each case. These features include physiogeographic and values for quality indices: Cover Index (according to García de Jalón and Schmidt, 1995), Habitat Suitability Index (according to Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación del Territorio, 2014), Riparian Quality Index and Fluvial Habitat Index (according to Jáimez-Cuéllar et al., 2002).

Method step description:

1. 1. All data is stored in Linaria (https://linaria.obsnev.es/), the institutional data repository of the Sierra Nevada Global-Change Observatory. 2. The dataset was standardised to the Darwin Core format (DwC-A) as sampling event data according to the structure proposed by De Pooter et al. (2017): an Event Core in combination with an Occurrence Extension and an Extended Measurement or Fact Extension. The DwC-A contains, specifically: 156 events, 8,000 occurrences, and 45,138 records of associated measurements (45 variables: 5 associated to occurrences and 40 to sampling events). The Darwin Core elements included in the Event Core are: eventID, modified, language, institutionCode, ownerInstitutionCode, datasetName, license, eventDate, year, month, day, continent, country, countryCode, waterBody, locationID, locationRemarks, minimumElevationInMeters, maximumElevationInMeters, decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, geodeticDatum, samplingProtocol, sampleSizeValue, sampleSizeUnit, occurrenceStatus, eventRemarks. For the Occurrence Extension are: occurrenceID, collectionCode, eventID, eventDate, organismQuantity, organismQuantityType, basisOfRecord, scientificName, taxonRank, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, specificEpithet, scientificNameAuthorship. For the Extended Measurement or Fact Extension table, the Darwin Core elements included are: measurementID, eventID, occurrenceID, measurementType, measurementValue, measurementUnit and measurementMethod. 3. The resulting dataset was published through the Integrated Publishing Toolkit of the Spanish node of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) (http://ipt.gbif.es).

Bibliographic Citations

1. Anderson, R.O. & Neumann, R.M. 1996. Length, Weight, and Associated Structural Indices. En: Fisheries Techniques. Murphy, B.R, & Willis, D.W. (eds.).American Fisheries Society, Bethesda. 732 pp.
2. Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación del Territorio, Junta de Andalucía. (2014) Programa de Recuperación de la trucha común en Andalucía, Censo andaluz de trucha común: Análisis poblacional de las Cuencas Trucheras Andaluzas. Informe técnico inédito. Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Junta de Andalucía.
3. De Pooter D., et al. (2017) Toward a new data standard for combined marine biological and environmental datasets - expanding OBIS beyond species occurrences. Biodiversity Data Journal 5: e10989. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e10989
4. Galiana M., Rubio S. & Galindo F.J. (2014) Monitoring of the common trout populations. Pp.: 44-45. In: Aspizua, R.; Barea-Azcón, J.M.; Bonet, F.J.; Pérez-Luque, A.J. & Zamora, R. (coords.). Sierra Nevada Global-Change Observatory: Monitoring Methodologies. Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía.
5. García De Jalón, D. & Schmidt, G. (1995) Manual práctico para la gestión sostenible de pesca fluvial. Asociación para el Estudio y Mejora de los Salmónidos (AEMS). 169 pp.
6. Hining, K.J. & West, J.L. 2000. Validation of scales and otholiths for estimating age of rainbow trout from southern Appalachian streams. North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 20: 978-985.
7. Jáimez-Cuéllar, P., Vivas, S., Bonada, N., Robles, S., Mellado, A., Álvarez, M., …Alba-Tercedor, J. (2002). Protocolo Guadalmed (PRECE). Limnetica, 21, 187-204.
8. Johnson DH, Shrier BM, O´Neal JS, Knutzen JA, Augerot X, O ´Neil TA, Pearsons TN. (2007) Salmonid field protocols handbook Techniques for assessing status and trends in Salmon and trout populations. Bethesda: American Fisheries Society in association with State of the Salmon.
9. Petersen, C.G.J. 1896. The yearly immigration of young plaice into Linsfjord from the German sea. Report of the Danish Biological Station, 6: 1-48.
10. Steinmetz, B. & Muller, R. 1991. An Atlas of Fish Scales and Other Bony Structures Used for Age Determination. Samara Publishing, Cardigan. 51 pp.

Additional Metadata