MGC Herbarium of University of Malaga (Spain): MGC-Lichen dataset

Occurrence Specimen
Latest version published by University of Malaga on Oct 3, 2025 University of Malaga
Home:
http://www.mgc.uma.es
Publication date:
3 October 2025
Published by:
University of Malaga
License:
CC-BY-NC 4.0

Download the latest version of this resource data as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A) or the resource metadata as EML or RTF:

Data as a DwC-A file download 358 records in Spanish (51 KB) - Update frequency: annually
Metadata as an EML file download in English (29 KB)
Metadata as an RTF file download in English (24 KB)

Description

El Herbario de la Universidad de Málaga (Herbario MGC) está constituido por cuatro colecciones biológicas activas de pliegos de herbario. La colección de líquenes (MGC-Lichen) es una colección especializada que integra los líquenes depositados en el herbario. Su base de datos tiene como objetivo la digitalización y publicación de los datos asociados a los más de 358 ejemplares actualmente depositados, de los cuales el 91,9% están identificados a nivel de especie.

Desde 2011, la Unidad de Herbario depende de los Servicios Centrales de Apoyo a la Investigación (SCAI) de la Universidad de Málaga, que son responsables de su gestión y de sus bases de datos. La colección se mantiene sin incorporaciones activas, aunque está disponible para el depósito de especímenes por parte de cualquier investigador.

El 100% de la colección está digitalizada mediante el programa Elysia v3.0 (Pando et al., 2025), por lo que la información de los especímenes es accesible a través de la red GBIF (http://www.gbif.org/dataset/96c13882-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a). En la actualidad, MGC-Lichen incluye 25 familias, con Parmeliaceae (29,5 %), Physciaceae (13,9 %) y Pertusariaceae (11,9 %) como las más representadas. La colección comprende 56 géneros, 98 especies y 110 taxones (incluyendo categorías infraespecíficas), destacando los géneros Pertusaria (11,9 %), Parmelia (6,5 %) y Physconia (6,5 %).

La mayoría de los pliegos proceden de la provincia de Málaga (70% de los especímenes), principalmente de la Sierra de las Nieves y Sierra Bermeja. El resto de los pliegos (aproximadamente un 30%) proviene de la Sierra de Grazalema en la provincia de Cádiz.

La identificación ha sido realizada mayoritariamente por personal del Departamento de Biología Vegetal de la Universidad de Málaga y especialistas de otros centros de investigación nacionales. La base de datos MGC-Lichen ha superado controles de calidad mediante DarwinTest v3.3 (Pando et al., 2022) y verificaciones ad hoc, cumpliendo con los estándares Darwin Core exigidos por GBIF.

Los datos de las colecciones del Herbario MGC son relevantes para estudios de conservación, taxonomía, flora, cartografía, fenología y palinología, entre otros. El Herbario MGC es uno de los herbarios de referencia para Flora iberica (Castroviejo, 1986–2012), Flora Vascular de Andalucía Oriental (Blanca et al., 2009), Flora Briofítica Ibérica (Guerra, 2006–) y Flora Phycologica Iberica (Gómez-Garreta, 2000–). Además, la revista Acta Botanica Malacitana (1975–) publica regularmente artículos basados en datos de la colección.

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The Herbarium of the University of Málaga (MGC Herbarium) consists of four active biological collections of herbarium sheets. The lichen collection (MGC-Lichen) is a specialized collection housing the lichens deposited in the herbarium. Its database aims to digitize and publish data associated with over 358 specimens currently held, of which 91.9% are identified at the species level.

Since 2011, the Herbarium Unit has been under the Central Research Support Services (SCAI) of the University of Málaga, which are responsible for its management and databases. The collection is maintained without active acquisitions, although it is available for specimen deposit by any researcher.

The entire collection is fully digitized using Elysia v3.0 (Pando et al., 2025), making specimen information accessible through the GBIF network (http://www.gbif.org/dataset/96c13882-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a). Currently, MGC-Lichen includes 25 families, with Parmeliaceae (29.5%), Physciaceae (13.9%), and Pertusariaceae (11.9%) being the most represented. The collection comprises 56 genera, 98 species, and 110 taxa (including infraspecific categories), with the genera Pertusaria (11.9%), Parmelia (6.5%), and Physconia (6.5%) being particularly abundant.

Most sheets come from Málaga province (70% of the specimens), mainly from the Sierra de las Nieves and Sierra Bermeja. The remaining sheets (approximately 30%) come from the Sierra de Grazalema in Cádiz province.

Specimens have been primarily identified by staff from the Department of Plant Biology at the University of Málaga and specialists from other national research centers. The MGC-Lichen database has passed quality control using DarwinTest v3.3 (Pando et al., 2022) and ad hoc verifications, complying with Darwin Core standards required by GBIF.

Data from the MGC Herbarium collections are relevant for studies on conservation, taxonomy, flora, mapping, phenology, and palynology, among others. The MGC Herbarium is a reference herbarium for Flora iberica (Castroviejo, 1986–2012), Flora Vascular de Andalucía Oriental (Blanca et al., 2009), Flora Briofítica Ibérica (Guerra, 2006–), and Flora Phycologica Iberica (Gómez-Garreta, 2000–). In addition, the journal Acta Botanica Malacitana (1975–) regularly publishes articles based on collection data.

Data Records

The data in this occurrence resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 358 records.

1 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.

Occurrence (core)
358
Identification 
375

This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.

Versions

The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.

How to cite

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

MGC Herbarium of University of Malaga (Spain): MGC-Lichen dataset. University of Malaga. Dataset/Occurrence. http://www.gbif.es/ipt/resource?r=mgc-lichen

Rights

Researchers should respect the following rights statement:

The publisher and rights holder of this work is University of Malaga. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC 4.0) License.

GBIF Registration

This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 96c13882-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a.  University of Malaga publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Spain.

Keywords

Malaga; Andalusia; Spain; SCAI; University of Malaga; MGC Herbarium; MGC; Fungi; Lichen; Ascomycota; Parmeliaceae; Physciaceae; Pertusariaceae; Pertusaria; Parmelia; Physconia; Occurrence; Specimen; Occurrence

Contacts

José García Sánchez
  • Metadata Provider ●
  • Originator ●
  • Point Of Contact
  • Herbarium Curator
University of Málaga
  • Servicios Centrales de Apoyo a la Investigación (SCAI). Bulevar Louis Pasteur, 33. Campus de Teatinos
29071 Málaga
Málaga
ES
  • +34 952137414

Geographic Coverage

Most of the data refer to Málaga province (70% of the specimens), mainly from the Sierra de las Nieves and Sierra Bermeja. The remaining sheets (approximately 30%) come from the Sierra de Grazalema in Cádiz province.

Bounding Coordinates South West [36.5, -5.5], North East [37.53, -4.31]

Taxonomic Coverage

The MGC-Lichen collection comprises 358 sheets grouped into 25 families, 56 genera, 98 species, and 110 taxa (including infraspecific categories). The most represented families, in order of abundance, are Parmeliaceae (29.5%), Physciaceae (13.9%), and Pertusariaceae (11.9%). The leading genera, in order of abundance, are Pertusaria (11.9%), Parmelia (6.5%), and Physconia (6.5%).

Kingdom Fungi (fungi)
Phylum Ascomycota
Family Parmeliaceae, Physciaceae, Pertusariaceae
Genus Pertusaria, Parmelia, Physconia

Temporal Coverage

Start Date / End Date 1959-05-24 / 2016-07-06

Project Data

No Description available

Title Digitalización y Gestión de las Bases de Datos del Herbario MGC de la Universidad de Málaga
Funding Scientific research project: "Informatización del Herbario de la Universidad de Málaga (MGC)". Reference: CLEG2004-21156-E Fund: Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Spain). Length: 2006 January - 2009 September.
Related Projects Scientific research project: "Realización de una prestación de servicios para el mantenimiento e inclusión de pliegos del proyecto Flora de Andalucía Oriental en el Herbario público de la Universidad de Málaga". Reference: 8.06/03.3353 Fund: Junta de Andalucía Length: 2010 February - 2011 February.
Scientific research project: "Digitalización y Gestión de las Bases de Datos del Herbario MGC de la Universidad de Málaga". Reference: 8.06/03.3353 Fund: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain). Subprograma Personal Técnico de Apoyo Length: 2012 January - 2014 December.
Scientific research project: LifeWatch ERIC EnBiC2-Lab – Flora Team. Reference: LIFEWATCH‑2019‑UMA‑01. Fund: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) / Universidad de Málaga / FEDER. Program: LifeWatch ERIC, ERDF2020. Length: 2019 January – 2024 February.
Temporary staff for assistance in fieldworks, contracted through Junta de Andalucía (Spain) research group: Biodiversidad, Conservación y Recursos Vegetales; Group code: RNM-115.

The personnel involved in the project:

Baltasar Cabezudo Artero
  • Principal Investigator

Sampling Methods

Specimens were mainly gathered by researchers from the Botany Area of the Department of Plant Biology at the University of Málaga, together with members of the MGC Herbarium.

Study Extent Most specimens of the MGC-Lichen collection come from southern Spain (Andalusia), with Málaga province being the best represented area, particularly from the Sierra de las Nieves and Sierra Bermeja. Approximately 30% of the specimens come from the Sierra de Grazalema in Cádiz province.
Quality Control Identifications were carried out mainly by staff from the Department of Plant Biology at the University of Málaga. Any taxonomic updates are incorporated into the database and made available through this dataset on GBIF. Before being published on the GBIF portal, the dataset is checked for digitisation errors. Validation is performed using the DarwinTest v3.3 tool (Pando et al., 2022), together with ad hoc verifications conducted through MS Access queries. These checks are designed to detect errors in taxonomy, dates, geospatial information, collectors, identifiers, and other fields.

Method step description:

  1. Drying. Specimens are dried before being incorporated into the herbarium.
  2. Envelope preparation and mounting. Each specimen is placed in a protective envelope (14.8 × 10.5 cm), which fully covers and protects the material. An identification label is affixed to each envelope with the following information: taxonomy, country, province, county, locality, georeference, date, ecology, collectors, and determinations. The envelope serves as the final unit for storage and can be sent separately if required for a loan.
  3. Disinfestation. To prevent insect damage, specimens are frozen at −20 °C for 72 hours. In addition, the herbarium room is periodically fumigated as a preventive measure.
  4. Storage. Specimens are stored in compact shelving cabinets and organised alphabetically by genus and species.

Collection Data

Collection Name MGC-Lichen
Collection Identifier 96c13882-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a
Parent Collection Identifier Not applicable
Specimen preservation methods Dried
Curatorial Units Count 358 +/- 0 Sheets ,  Count 110 +/- 0 Taxa ,  Count 98 +/- 0 Species ,  Count 56 +/- 0 Genus ,  Count 25 +/- 0 Families

Bibliographic Citations

  1. PUBLICATIONS FROM THIS DATASET
  2. García-Sánchez, J., & Cabezudo, B. (2014). El herbario MGC de la Universidad de Málaga. Boletín de la Asociación de Herbarios Ibero-Macaronésicos (AHIM), 16, 20–26.
  3. REFERENCES CITED WITHIN THE METADATA
  4. Blanca, G., Cabezudo, B., Cueto, M., Fernández López, C., & Morales Torres, C. (Eds.). (2009). Flora vascular de Andalucía Oriental (4 vols.). Consejería de Medio Ambiente. Junta de Andalucía. Sevilla, Spain.
  5. Acta Botanica Malacitana. (1975–). Vol. 1–50. Universidad de Málaga. ISSN 0210-9506. ISSN-e 2340-5074. https://www.abm.uma.es
  6. Castroviejo, S. (Coord. gen.). (1986–2021). Flora Iberica: Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares (Vols. 1–21). Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC.
  7. Gómez-Garreta, A. (Coord.) (2000-). Flora phycologica iberica. Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia.
  8. Guerra, J., Cros, R. M. (Coord.) (2006-) Flora Briofítica Ibérica. Sociedad Española de Briología. Murcia, España
  9. Pando, F., Lujano, M., & Cezón, K. (2025). Elysia (3.0): una aplicación para la gestión completa de colecciones biológicas. GBIF.ES - CSIC. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Consultado en septiembre de 2025.
  10. Pando, F., Lujano, M., & Cezón, K. (2022). Darwin Test (3.3): una aplicación para la validación y chequeo de los datos en formato Darwin Core. GBIF.ES. Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC). Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Consultado en marzo de 2022.

Additional Metadata

Alternative Identifiers 96c13882-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a
http://datos.gbif.es/collectory/public/show/co164
doi:10.15468/wnjg4w
https://ipt.gbif.es/resource?r=mgc_lichen