說明
The long-term monitoring of carnivore tracks in Doñana is part of a harmonised protocol for the Long-term Ecological Monitoring Program of Natural Resources and Processes targeting mammals' populations. The general aim of this protocol is to study the temporal evolution of the relative density of the main species of carnivores in the main habitats of the Doñana National Park. Tracks surveys were done annually after the first rains of the hydrological year, i.e. the first autumn rains, usually in October. Due to climate change, in recent years the rainy season has been delayed until the beginning of the year. This protocol has stablished in 2007 and it has done annually until the present (2022), except in 2021 when due to logistical problems no census was made. Censuses are carried out through 12 prefixed transects, with sand substrate, in Doñana National Park. Each transect consists of a 2 km of length and 1.5 m of width that is done by a car at a constant speed between 10 and 15 km/h. Transects are cleaned the day before of the census with a metal beam to facilitate the read of the tracks and to ensure that the foot prints were from the previous day. Each transect is repeated in three consecutive days, and during the transect the sand is cleaned for the next day. In the census an expert in mammals’ tracks identifies all the tracks, i.e. groups of carnivore foot prints, and he/she records them in Cybertracker. That way, tracks' information like coordinates, hour, species identification and observation was recorded; and also the information of each transect was recorded: surveyors, drivers, date, start and end (hour and coordinates). This method enables to calculate Kilometric Abundance Indexes (KAI) for each species and transect. In order to clarify all carnivore datasets, the data was separated by species, this allows concrete analysis by species. In this dataset Egyptian mongoose ´s (Herpestes ichneumon) data is presented.
資料紀錄
此資源sampling event的資料已發佈為達爾文核心集檔案（DwC-A），其以一或多組資料表構成分享生物多樣性資料的標準格式。 核心資料表包含 444 筆紀錄。
亦存在 1 筆延伸集的資料表。延伸集中的紀錄補充核心集中紀錄的額外資訊。 每個延伸集資料表中資料筆數顯示如下。
此 IPT 存放資料以提供資料儲存庫服務。資料與資源的詮釋資料可由「下載」單元下載。「版本」表格列出此資源的其它公開版本，以便利追蹤其隨時間的變更。
版本
以下的表格只顯示可公開存取資源的已發布版本。
如何引用
研究者應依照以下指示引用此資源。:
Carro F, Román I, Laffite Alaminos R, Paz D, Ceballos O, Chico A, Torrijo-Salesa M, Díaz-Delgado R, Bustamante J, Márquez-Ferrando R (2023). Long-term monitoring of the relative density in the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) with track counts in Doñana National Park 2007-2022. Version 1.2. Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC). Samplingevent dataset. https://doi.org/10.15470/up1q9h
權利
研究者應尊重以下權利聲明。:
此資料的發布者及權利單位為 Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC)。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF 註冊
此資源已向GBIF註冊，並指定以下之GBIF UUID: 938deb36-9ab8-48cb-a7b4-02a5af75408d。 Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC) 發佈此資源，並經由GBIF Spain同意向GBIF註冊成為資料發佈者。
關鍵字
Samplingevent; Long-term monitoring; Observation
聯絡資訊
- 出處 ●
- 連絡人
- Technician Coordinator, researcher
- C/ Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja
https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1634-9074
- 出處
- Biological Technician
- Carretera de El Rocío - Matalascañas, A-483, km 40
- 出處
- Biological Technician
- Carretera de El Rocío - Matalascañas, A-483, km 40
- 出處
- Technician Coordinator
- Carretera de El Rocío - Matalascañas, A-483, km 40
- 出處
- Biological Technician
- 出處
- Biological Technician
- Carretera de El Rocío - Matalascañas, A-483, km 40
- 元數據提供者 ●
- 出處
- Biological Technician
- Avda. Américo Vespucio 26 Isla de la Cartuja
- 出處 ●
- 研究主持人
- Researcher
- Avda. Américo Vespucio 26 Isla de la Cartuja
- 出處 ●
- 研究主持人
- Researcher and Vicedirector of the ICTS-RBD
- 元數據提供者
- Biological Technician
- C/ Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja
- 連絡人
- Biological Technician
- C/ Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja
地理涵蓋範圍
The study area is located in southwest Spain in the Guadalquivir Basin and covers Doñana Protected Area (542.51 km2). Climate is Mediterranean sub-humid with Atlantic coast influence deriving in wet mild winters and dry warm summers. The rainy season occurs between October and April, with a peak in December–January (average rainfall is about 550 mm). Doñana Protected Area includes seven ecosystems types (coastal waters, beach, dunes, forest, shrubland, sandy lakes and marshes) and 21 habitat types, 11 of them of high conservation importance – such as the Bulrush and Glasswort marsh, floodplain lakes, sandy lakes, grassland ecotones, Cork-Oak forest, shrubland, coastal Juniper forest and dunes.
| 界定座標範圍 | 緯度南界 經度西界 [36.79, -6.57], 緯度北界 經度東界 [37.15, -6.33] |
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分類群涵蓋範圍
Tracks are identified to the species level.
| Species | Herpestes ichneumon (Egyptian mongoose) |
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時間涵蓋範圍
| 起始日期 / 結束日期 | 2007-10-31 / 2022-11-30 |
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計畫資料
The aim of this project is to provide information about the evolution of the conservation status of Doñana. To do that, it has been designed a monitoring program of the dynamic of natural processes and the distribution and abundance of species and communities. This monitoring is generating time series of data which is being used to analyse long-term trends.
| 計畫名稱 | Seguimiento a largo plazo de los procesos naturales en la Infraestructura Científica y Técnica Singular Reserva Biológica de Doñana |
|---|---|
| 辨識碼 | 202030E286 |
| 經費來源 | We acknowledge financial support from National Parks Autonomous Agency (OAPN) in 2007; the Singular Scientific and Technical Infrastructures from the Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry (ICTS-MICINN); the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Sustainable Development from the Regional Government of Andalusia (CAGPDES-JA) since 2011; the Doñana Biological Station from the Spanish National Research Council (EBD-CSIC) since all the study period (2011); Ministry of Science and Innovation (Recovery, Transformation and Resilence Plan); and the European Comision with the Long-term Ecosystem Research in Europe (eLTER) (a HORIZON funding coordination of the European funding programme for research and innovation) and NextGenerationEU funding. |
| 研究區域描述 | Doñana LTSER Platform. Doñana Protected Area. Doñana National Park. Doñana Biological Reserve (RBD). https://deims.org/bcbc866c-3f4f-47a8-bbbc-0a93df6de7b2 |
| 研究設計描述 | The Doñana Long-Term Monitoring Program is carried by ICTS-RBD. It was started for certain monitoring features in the 1980s. Initially it focused on birds and endangered species such as the Iberian Lynx or the Imperial Eagle. Formally, it started in 2003, when it was extended and funded to monitor biodiversity and ecological processes targeting species, habitats and populations, as well as ecosystem structure and function. As a summary, data analysis and assessment are made to enhance management decisions with baseline information to minimize the impact of global change drivers. Results are annually reported to the National Park Managers and Practitioners and to the regional authorities as scientific reports. |
參與計畫的人員:
取樣方法
The long-term monitoring of carnivore tracks in Doñana started in 2008 by setting 12 permanent transects across the Doñana National Park. The transects have a length of 2 km and 1.5 m of width. Each transect is sampled three times during the sampling campaign in autumn (between October and November) always after the first rains of the hydrological year. Before each census the sand substrate was cleaned with a metal beam to facilitate the read of tracks and to ensure that the foot prints were from the previous day. Carnivores tracks, i.e. groups of carnivore foot prints, were identified and recorded in a Cybertracker sequence, that allows note coordinates information automatically. This census and his method enables esteem relative densities and also the calculation of Kilometric Abundance Indexes (KAI) of each species according to each transect of sampling period.
| 研究範圍 | The study area is located in southwest Spain in the Guadalquivir Basin and covers Doñana Protected Area (542.51 km2). Climate is Mediterranean sub-humid with Atlantic coast influence deriving in wet mild winters and dry warm summers. The rainy season occurs between October and April, with a peak in December–January (average rainfall is about 550 mm). Four main ecosystems are monitored in the area: freshwater marshes, mobile sand dunes, Mediterranean shrublands and woodlands and Doñana shoreline of 30 km. This monitoring protocol is carried out in 12 permanent and prefixed transects along Doñana National Park. Each transect was sampled three (3 consecutive days) times per year, after the first autumn rains. |
|---|---|
| 品質控管 | The protocol used has been supervised by ecological researchers and the data have been validated by the members who performed the transects. |
方法步驟描述:
- The annual survey of each transect is composed by three different censuses on consecutive days. Furthermore, the day before of the first census day a metal beam of 1.5 m was passed along the transect of 2 km to eliminate previous old tracks, ensuring that the foot prints were from the previous day. During each census the metal beam was also passed cleaning the sand to the next day. That way, the detected tracks on each census belonged to the previous 24 hours, so each census is different to the ones made in the same period (3 consecutive days). An expert in mammals’ tracks identified all footprints in the transect area (2km x 1.5m), they were noted in Cybertracker that recorded the hour and the coordinates for each one. Data was download as Excel or csv files and then was validated, cleaned and prepared for the analysis. In order to clarify all carnivore datasets, the data was separated by species, this allows concrete analysis by species. In this dataset Egyptian moongoose's (Herpestes ichmeumon) data is presented.
額外的詮釋資料
| 替代的識別碼 | 10.15470/up1q9h |
|---|---|
| 938deb36-9ab8-48cb-a7b4-02a5af75408d | |
| https://ipt.gbif.es/resource?r=icts-rbd-herpestestracks_20230915 |