Description
Peru is one of the countries with the highest diversity of birds worldwide, having about 1,876 species in its territory. However, studies focused on chewing lice (Phthiraptera) have been carried out on only a minority of bird species. The available data are distributed in 87 publications in the national and international literature. In this checklist we summarize all the records to date of chewing lice on wild and domestic birds in Peru. Among the 301 species of birds studied, 266 species of chewing lice were recorded. The localities with the highest records were the Departments of Cusco, Junín, Lima and Madre de Dios. No records of birds parasitized by these lice have been found in seven departments of Peru. Studies related to lice have only been reported in 16% of bird species in the country, indicating that research concerning chewing lice has not yet been performed for the the majority of birds in Peru.
Data Records
The data in this checklist resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 244 records.
This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
Versions
The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.
How to cite
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Minaya, D., Príncipe, F., Iannacone, J., 2021. Checklist of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) of the birds of Peru. Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona. Dataset/Occurrence: https://doi.org/10.15470/u1jtiu
Rights
Researchers should respect the following rights statement:
The publisher and rights holder of this work is Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF Registration
This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 785e2d09-ac97-4af1-b641-035ffdd53393. Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Spain.
Keywords
Avifauna; Ectoparasites; Lice; Parasitology; Phthiraptera; checklist; Checklist
Contacts
- Metadata Provider ●
- Originator
- GISA, Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3699-4732
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact
- GISA, Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact
- GISA,Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal
- Point Of Contact
- GISA, Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal
- Publisher
- Managing Editor AMZ
- Ps Picasso s/n.
Geographic Coverage
Peru is one of the countries with the highest diversity of birds worldwide, having about 1,876 species in its territory.
| Bounding Coordinates | South West [-18.979, -81.211], North East [0.703, -67.148] |
|---|
Taxonomic Coverage
No Description available
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Arthropoda |
| Class | Insecta |
| Order | Phthiraptera |
| Suborder | Amblycera |
| Family | Menoponidae, Ricinidae, Philopteridae |
Temporal Coverage
| Start Date / End Date | 1936-01-01 / 2020-12-31 |
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Project Data
Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) are obligate ectoparasites that can be found worldwide on avian hosts, feeding mainly on feathers, blood, dead skin, or secretions (Price et al., 2003; Clayton et al., 2008; Durden, 2019). Birds are most commonly parasitized by two of the four suborders of the Phthiraptera group: Amblycera and Ischnocera (Clayton et al., 2010; Nunes et al., 2014). Most species of bird lice are highly host-specific as many species have been recorded on a single host, while other species have been recorded on other closely related birds (Tavera et al., 2019). In Peru, approximately 1,876 species of birds have been recorded through sightings, capture, or song identification (Plenge, 2020). This high diversity situates Peru as the country with the second highest diversity of birds in the world, surpassed only by Colombia (Plenge et al., 2020). However, the number of bird species with records of lice species is low.
| Title | Checklist of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) on birds of Peru |
|---|---|
| Design Description | The study of bird lice in Peru began with the renowned world pioneer and specialist in Neotropical Mallophaga, Melbourne Carriker Jr. one of the first researchers to describe lice species in Peruvian birds. Carriker's long trajectory in the study of malophaga began in 1902 but it was not until 1936 that he published a registry of mallophaga, including 26 species of lice collected from nine species of birds of the order Tinamiformes (tinamúes, partridges) from the departments of Amazonas, Cajamarca, Junín, La Libertad, Lima, Puno and San Martín. From 1936 to 1967, Carriker continued to publish more records of mallophagous birds from the neotropics, including those from Peru. Among these multiple publications, 26 mention at least one species collected in Peru, making a total of 78 species of mallophaga reported in Peru during this period, and establishing a broad base for this country. Gonzales et al. (1949) are considered among the first Peruvians researchers to study ectoparasites (including lice) in domestic birds such as chickens. From 1949 to 1968, 13 malignant species were recorded in seven species of birds, three domestic and four wild species, in the Peruvian literature (Dale, 1970). Most of the records and reports of lice in birds in Peru were published in national and international media between 1936 and 2020. As these data are scattered over various databases (virtual and physical), the objective of this study was to summarize this literature and present it as an annotation list, specifying the hosts and the localities where the hosts were captured. |
The personnel involved in the project:
Sampling Methods
The study of bird lice in Peru began with the renowned world pioneer and specialist in Neotropical Mallophaga, Melbourne Carriker Jr. one of the first researchers to describe lice species in Peruvian birds. Carriker's long trajectory in the study of malophaga began in 1902 but it was not until 1936 that he published a registry of mallophaga, including 26 species of lice collected from nine species of birds of the order Tinamiformes (tinamúes, partridges) from the departments of Amazonas, Cajamarca, Junín, La Libertad, Lima, Puno and San Martín. From 1936 to 1967, Carriker continued to publish more records of mallophagous birds from the neotropics, including those from Peru. Among these multiple publications, 26 mention at least one species collected in Peru, making a total of 78 species of mallophaga reported in Peru during this period, and establishing a broad base for this country.
| Study Extent | Most of the records and reports of lice in birds in Peru were published in national and international media between 1936 and 2020. As these data are scattered over various databases (virtual and physical), the objective of this study was to summarize this literature and present it as an annotation list, specifying the hosts and the localities where the hosts were captured. |
|---|---|
| Quality Control | This revised list was prepared from an extensive bibliographic review of reported lice records on birds from Peru from 1936 to 2020 in the main international databases, as well as physical documents from collections and museums. This list does not include the records of abstracts at scientific meetings, congresses or symposia. The nomenclature of lice follows that of Price et al. (2003) and Smith et al. (2020). |
Method step description:
- The revised list is made up of two sections: the first contains a list of the lice species, their synonyms, hosts, the locality where the birds were collected, the corresponding reference, and in some cases a comment; the second includes the list of host birds, their common name, their conservation status according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and their respective lice. This section is arranged in alphabetical order according to the orders and families of the birds (appendix 1). The host nomenclature follows that of Schulenberg et al. (2010) and Plenge (2020). Additionally, a map of Peru with its respective departments is presented to indicate the distribution of the species and hosts registered in each department.
Bibliographic Citations
- Minaya, D., Príncipe, F., Iannacone, J., 2021. Checklist of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) of the birds of Peru. Arxius de Miscel·lània Zoològica, 19: 7–52, Doi: https://doi.org/10.32800/amz.2021.19.0007 https://doi.org/10.32800/amz.2021.19.0007
Additional Metadata
| Alternative Identifiers | 10.15470/u1jtiu |
|---|---|
| 785e2d09-ac97-4af1-b641-035ffdd53393 | |
| https://ipt.gbif.es/resource?r=chewing_lice_peru |